David Established In Jerusalem

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David Established In Jerusalem

Sermon by  Thomas Thornhill Jr

Passage: 2 Samuel 5-6, 1 Chronicles 11-17


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Editor’s note: Greetings.  I have been away this past week and returned earlier Saturday.  Because of this, there are no prerecorded sermons accompanying this lesson.  Hopefully, I will post the “live” recording early in the week.  Thank you for your understanding. It is good to be home.  TATJR

 

JOURNEY THROUGH THE BIBLE (54)

The United Kingdom (8)

David Established In Jerusalem – 2 Samuel 5-6, 1 Chronicles 11-17

 

Tonight we continue our Journey through the Bible.  We are currently examining David as king.  In our last lesson (2 Samuel 1-4), we observed how David became king of all Israel and some of the violence around that (though not approved by Him).  In our lesson tonight, we find David established over ALL Israel and a somewhat peaceful reign begins.  There are many significant events in this time period.

  1. The text
    1. NOTE: In this lesson we begin to see more details merging 2 Samuel with 1 Chronicles 11.  These are parallel passages that in some places are very similar and in others we find details not recorded in the others.  Be reminded the 2 Samuel, which leads into 1 & 2 Kings is a history of Israel and Judah as they are related to each other.  1 & 2 Chronicles will focus on the tribe of Judah, BASED on David and the promises made to him.   We will use 2 Samuel as our primary text, and incorporate 1 Chronicles as it applies.
    2. 2 Samuel 5:1-5, 1 Chron. 11:1-3 – we concluded with this text in our lesson. Ishbosheth, Saul’s son was executed and Abner had started the process to unite Israel and Judah.  Even with both of them dead, the people were ready for David to rule over them.  We note that David ruled in Hebron over Judah (and likely the latter part of that over all Israel) until he moved to Jerusalem.
    3. 2 Sam. 5:6-12, 1 Chronicles 11:4-9 –David desires to rule as king in Jerusalem. Politically this would have been a good move for that time because the city was not a ruled by either Israel of Judah, thus neutral.  David could possess that city without hostility from either side.   Parts of the city had been defeated during the time of Joshua and burned, but not all (Judges 1:8 & 21).  We also learn that it was a border city between Judah and Benjamin.
    4. AS they approach the city, the men are arrogant and claim that even their blind and lame could keep Israel out. David offers rulership of his military to the one who defeated them.  Joab defeats them and becomes Commander of David’s army.  The city becomes known as “The city of David” and Zion (2 Sam 5:7, 1 Chron. 11:5).
    5. 2 Sam. 5:10-16 – Hiram, king of Tyre knows of David’s greatness and that YHWH was with him. He becomes a strong ally and provides cedars and other supplies for David to build himself a house in Jerusalem.  NOTE vs. 12, So David knew that the LORD had established him as king over Israel, and that He had exalted His kingdom for the sake of His people Israel.
    6. NOTE: Psalm 30, is titled, A song at the Dedication of the House of David. It is likely that this psalm is associated with David’s house being built and completed.  He humbly praises God for protecting him.
    7. 5:14-16 – We also read that David marries other women (likely as part of alliances) and has children. Listed are 11 sons born to him in Jerusalem, as well as daughters.
    8. 1 Chron. 11:10 -12:40 describes some of David’s loyal men from various groups.
      1. 11:10-47 – First, we read of his mighty men. ONE interesting account is while David was fleeing from Saul (1 Chron. 11:16-19) he desired water from Bethlehem which was then occupied by the Philistines.  But 3 men risked their lives to bring him water from there.  David poured it on the ground (showing his humility) because of the danger the men had put themselves through. Other heroic acts are also recorded.
      2. 12:1-22 – David’s army at Ziklag as it was building – again before he became king.
      3. 12:23-40 – at Hebron we read of the men of Israel who came to David to make him king and turn over the kingdom of Saul. There was great rejoicing and a feast for the men that lasted 3 days.
    9. 2 Sam. 5:17-25, 1 Chronicles 14:8-17 finds David engaging the Philistines. They provoke David, but he inquires of the LORD whether he should engage.  He answers Yes.  The Philistines are defeated.  A second wave comes and David again inquires of the LORD.   This time he is given specific directions to hide in a forest and engage as they went through.  Again, David is victorious and drove back the Philistines to their on territory.
    10. 2 Sam. 6, 1 Chron. 13 – David determines to bring the ark of the covenant into Jerusalem from Kijath Jearim. The ark of the covenant was that with which God met with His people Israel. 1 Chron. 13:3 notes that since the days of Saul they had not inquired of it before God.  BUT they set the ark on a new cart and began to transport it toward Jerusalem with great fanfare.  But they come to the threshing floor of Chidon (Nachon) and the oxen stumbles.  Uzzah reaches out to stay the ark, but God struck him dead immediately.  This ended the celebration and the ark was left where the tragedy happened.  David was angry and named the place, Perez Uzzah (Outburst against Uzzah).  David was also afraid because of this and wondered how to get the ark to Jerusalem.  For 3 months it stayed where it was and the house of Obed-Edom was blessed.
    11. 2 Sam. 6:12-23, 1 Chron. 15 – David again determines to bring the ark to Jerusalem. This time he gathers a large group of men – about 30,000 and tasked the Levites to sanctify themselves, transport the ark and lead the procession.  Note 1 Chron. 15:13 – he acknowledges what he did the first time was wrong.  They prepared and carried the ark of God on their shoulders by its poles.  2 Samuel 6:13 says that when they went 6 paces they offered sacrifices to God. David was clothed in a robe of fine linen, and the priests were properly robed.  As the ark entered the city, David was dancing and there was great joy. But Michal despised David in her heart as she saw him celebrating.
    12. 2 Sam. 6:17-19, 1 Chronicles 16:1-36 – the ark was placed where it was prepared and David provided a great feast for all who were there before they left for their homes.  He also blessed the people.  2 Chronicles 16:7-36 records a psalm of praise from David.  Part of this psalm is recorded as psalm 105:1-15.  But after than BOTH texts go in different directions.  Still that would make this a psalm of David.
    13. 1 Chron. 16:37-43 records after that regular worship was maintained by Asaph and his brothers.
    14. Finally, 2 Samuel 6:21-23 records David returning him and Michal rebuking him as being undignified as he danced before the ark, even using lustful language. David reminds her that He was glorifying the LORD who chose him over Saul.  He declared he would be even more undignified in serving God.  After this, Michal had no children until her death (likely he had little or nothing to do with her).
  2. Lessons to consider
    1. The lineage of David. In 2 Samuel 5:13-16 we noted David had 11 sons born to him at Jerusalem.  Included in this list are Solomon and Nathan.  The rest we know little about them.  Recall he also had sons while in Hebron through his wives Abigail and Ahinoam and 4 others.  These sons, his oldest, included Amnon, then Chileab, Absalom, Adonijah, Shephatiah, and Ithream (2 Sam. 3:2-5).  This is a total of 16 sons.  OF significance to us is understanding their place in the lineage of Jesus.  Matthew 1:6 records Solomon, the kingly lineage of David though whom Jesus was born.  Luke 3:31 records Jesus as a descendent of Nathan, the son of David.  Matthew’s lineage was through Joseph and Luke’s lineage was through Mary.
    2. AGAIN, before you act seek God’s authority – David, before engaging the Philistines, inquired of God twice. Colossians 3:17.  Proverbs 3:5-6, Trust in the LORD with all your heart, And lean not on your own understanding; In all your ways acknowledge Him, And He shall direct your paths.
    3. Rewarding loyalty – 1 Chron. 11:4-6 David offered a great reward to the one who delivered Jerusalem to him. Joab was selected and became David’s chief officer in his military. We need to recognize good workers lest they be discouraged – e.g. 1 Thessalonians 5:12 – recognize those who labor among you.  Philippian s2:29 – Paul commended Epahroditus.
    4. The importance of following God’s instructions. As the ark was transported the first time it was wrong. How we serve and worship God matters!
    5. The importance of reverence – our story is 2 sided. David loved and honored God – He reverenced Him.  HOWEVER, Uzzah’s one act showed a lack of complete reverence – Hebrews 12:28-29.
    6. Learn from your mistakes. David learned from the tragedy of Uzzah. He was angry, but also fearful, BUT in the end, he got it right and did things the right way.
    7. Actions have consequences – even with good intentions, you still reap what you sow – Galatians 6:7-8
    8. Is there joy in your worship? David rejoiced in service to God.  Our worship clearly should not be frolic and entertainment, but it MUST come from the heart – John 4:24, Colossians 3:16.  Philippians 4:4 – rejoice in the Lord always…
    9. Surrounding yourself with success – in the list of names in 1 Chronicles 11-13 we find lists of names, but inserted therein are many descriptions. A part of David’s success was who he surrounded himself with.  1 Corinthians 15:33, Prov. 1:10 – if sinners entice you, do not consent;
    10. Praising God for His goodness – one of the qualities that makes David a man after God’s own heart was his continued praise of Him. We see that in his psalms, including the one in our text.

And thus we continue our journey through the Bible and the united kingdom of Israel.  David is now king and Israel is on the right course.  Our next lesson will reveal one of the key passages of the Old Testament. Until then let us continue to be faithful to God who has shown His power to keep His word and JOYFUL in our hope.

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